74 trucker, holley uses close limit jets on emission carbs & some other carbs where they want a more precise mixture. The 512 jet is a 51 jet in the middle of the flow band.
For example a 511 is on the lean side,a 512 is in the middle & a 513 is on the rich end of the 51 jets flow. There is a 1.5% difference in flow between each of the jets in a flow band. Hope that answers your question.
V/R William