Howdy Adam:
Let me repeat Tim's advice-read the sticky at the top of this forum on "Head Swaps". In a nutshell, the D8 head offers you some real advantages, and only a few pitfalls, that can be dealt with.
Know the the D8 200/250 head has larger intake valves, larger intake tract volume, hardened valve seats and a 1.75" carb hole.
The pitfalls are-
*that the combustion chambers are aproximately 62 ccs, whereas, your '64 170 head will be about 52 ccs. To maintain stock compression ratio you will need to have the D8 head milled aproximately .050" to reduce the chamber volumes, and another .025 to compensate for the thicker composite replacement head gasket. When you mill a head this much you will need to use hardened washers on the head bolts to ensure that the head bolts do not bottom themselves out in their holes.
Tim's advice on measureing and comparing volumes is a good idea.
*Your '64 170 uses an Autolite 1100 with a SCV (another stickie, look up) to be compatible with the stock Load-a-Matic (another stickie) distributor. The D8 head uses a completly different carb, a Carter YF, with a cable throttle linkage system. The differences will be the width of the carb bolt spacing and flange, and the adapter, between the manifold and the carb. You will likely need to fabricate, or adapt an adapter to be able to use your stock 1100. The simplest solution might be to slot the mounting holes on the carb, to match the D8 studs.
Or, you could step up to a Carter YF for the D8, and then adapt linkage or convert to a cable system. The YF is not compatible with your stock distributor as it has no SCV. If you have a C4 block, your choices of distributors are limited.
While you're having the D8 milled, consider the additional expense of a three angle valve job, and having the intake valves backcut. Adding new valve stem seals now is cheap insurance.
These changes will make a difference you will feel. Keep us posted on what you decide and keep the questions coming.
Adios, David